Read as Zed-Ecks Spectrum, affectionately called a Speccy. UK basement legend, hidden hero of the Russian Cold War.
After delivering the somewhat successful ZX81, Sinclair Research (led by the baldest men in computer history, Clive Sinclair) set into building a low-cost, household machine that could withstand “serious” activities like printing and color graphics. Available in both 16Kb and 48Kb memory sizes (with a kit available to upgrade), like every “serious” low-cost home computer in the mid-80's was quickly converted into a game machine. Reasons from this was a BASIC language anybody could learn, simple and easy-to-master hardware, and two-button joystick support. Oh, and rampant, unchecked piracy.
While several versions of the machine followed, none solved the characteristic screen display of the machine - color is lay out in 8×8 “tiles” across the screen, leading into what became known as attribute or color clash, seen by large blocks of color bleeding outside the moving sprites. This was worked around in many ways, but many Spectrum games will simply prefer a more monochromatic approach against competitor machines of the time. The strength of the machine seems to focus in puzzle/item collection with arcade-style gameplay, as well as ports of arcade machines. There was also a highly prolific IF sub-culture in Spain.
Further upgrades to the Z80-based hardware formula were the addition of a AY sound chip and extra memory (Spectrum 128), and alternative data loading schemes against the fickle tape loading mechanism (Spectrum +2 and +3).